Rates of anxiety, depression and other mental health problems have skyrocketed in the last century. This is reflected in dramatic cultural shifts in lifestyle, exercise, and diet. Due in part to better diagnoses of these mental problems, there is a growing body of evidence to show that the mind and the gut are intrinsically connected.
Firstly, the gut-brain axis is a two-way street. For example, when the brain perceives food, it sends signals to the stomach to prepare for an influx of precisely that. The stomach reacts in preparation of this meal by producing more gastrointestinal fluids. The same process occurs in situations that cause stress and anxiety. Symptoms of nausea and gastro-intestinal upset are far from ‘all in your head’.
These signals travel along the enteric nervous system – made up of over 100 million nerve cells that line the entire length of your GI tract. Given the brain’s influence on the gut through these nerve cells, it has been a revelation that the GI tract has an equally powerful influence on the brain.